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Session: ePoster: Colon and Colorectal Cancer 16 (Mon115)

EP780 - Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Following Neoadjuvant treatment in Patients with Resected Rectal Cancer: a Retrospective Cohort Study

Monday, May 12, 2025
1:53 PM – 1:58 PM PT

    ePoster Presenter(s)

  • YL

    Yihong Liu, n/a

    China
    SUN YAT-SEN University
    zhuhai, Guangdong, China (People's Republic)

    All of the relevant financial relationships listed below have been mitigated.
    This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.

    • Author(s)

  • XW

    Xiaolin Wu, n/a

    CHINA
    Sun Yat-sen University
    Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (People's Republic)

    Disclosure information not submitted.

    • Senior Author(s)

  • RD

    Ruoxu Dou, N/A

    CHINA
    Sun Yat-sen University
    Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (People's Republic)

    All of the relevant financial relationships listed below have been mitigated.
    This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.

    • Author(s)

  • QZ

    Qupu Zhang, n/a

    china
    SUN YAT-SEN unicersity
    zhuhai, Guangdong, China (People's Republic)

    Disclosure information not submitted.

All of the relevant financial relationships listed below have been mitigated.
Yihong Liu, n/a: This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.
Ruoxu Dou, N/A: This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.
Image or Table (Do Not add text here):

Purpose/Background: Background: The role of adjuvant therapy following neoadjuvant treatment in patients with resected rectal cancer remains a topic of debate.

Objective: To determine the association between adjuvant therapy and survival outcomes among rectal cancer patients who have undergone neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods/Interventions:

Methods: Patients with stage II-III rectal cancer who received resection after neoadjuvant therapy between 2010 and 2020 were identified from the SEER database. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy (ACRT) and those who did not. A propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to balance baseline characteristics. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression.

Results/Outcomes:

Results: The study included 20,711 patients, with 11,800 in the ACRT group and 8,911 in the no-ACRT group. After 1:1 PSM, 8,343 patients from each group were analyzed. The unadjusted Cox analysis showed a significant difference in overall survival between the ACRT and no-ACRT groups (HR = 0.819, 95% CI: 0.770-0.871, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed ACRT as an independent factor associated with improved overall survival (HR = 0.866; 95% CI, 0.807–0.929, P = 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed that ACRT significantly improved prognosis only in pathological N2 patients（HR = 0.745; 95% CI, 0.653–0.849, P＜0.0001, P for interaction = 0.016).

Conclusion/Discussion:

Conclusion: Adjuvant therapy following neoadjuvant treatment was significantly associated with improved survival only in patients with pathological N2 colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal treatment and patient selection for adjuvant therapy.