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Session: ePoster: Quality and Cost 4 (Mon8)

EP650 - Albumin Mediate Alternative Healthy Eating Index Effect Cancer Prognosis in US Adults

Monday, May 12, 2025
8:16 AM – 8:21 AM PT
Location: Monitor 7, Sails Pavilion, Upper Level

    Author(s)

  • ZW

    Zhexue Wang, n/a

    resident
    National Cancer Center China
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

    Disclosure information not submitted.

  • MY

    Ming Yang, n/a

    Doctor
    National Cancer Center China
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

    Disclosure information not submitted.

    • ePoster Presenter(s)

  • Zheng Liu

    Section Chief
    National Cancer Center China
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

    All of the relevant financial relationships listed below have been mitigated.
    This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.

All of the relevant financial relationships listed below have been mitigated.
Zheng Liu, n/a: This individual has no financial relationships with ineligible companies.
Image or Table (Do Not add text here):

Purpose/Background: The Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), which assesses diet quality based on the intake of various food components (such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and fats), has been linked to a reduced risk of several cancers. However, its role in cancer prognosis remains less explored, and the mechanisms driving its influence are unclear. Gaining insight into these mechanisms is essential for refining dietary guidelines and interventions aimed at enhancing cancer patient outcomes.

Methods/Interventions: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005 to 2018, including 2,882 participants with a median follow-up of 72.1 months. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to investigate the relationship between AHEI and cancer prognosis. Mediation analysis examined the roles of albumin and creatinine in this association, while the Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) model assessed the relative influence of dietary components on cancer outcomes.

Results/Outcomes: Higher AHEI scores were significantly associated with improved cancer prognosis. Cox model analysis indicated that higher AHEI scores correlated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in cancer patients (HR = 0.989, 95% CI: 0.981–0.997, P = 0.002). Participants in the highest AHEI quartile had a notably better prognosis than those in the lowest quartile (HR for Q4 vs Q1 = 0.685, 95% CI: 0.577–0.813, P = 0.002). These associations remained robust after adjusting for confounders such as age, sex, race, education, BMI, smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Multivariable linear regression revealed strong associations between AHEI and serum albumin (OR = 32.467, 95% CI: 4.225–249.481, P = 0.001) and creatinine levels (OR = 0.096, 95% CI: 0.023–0.398, P = 0.002). Mediation analysis indicated that albumin mediated 26.9% of the AHEI-cancer prognosis relationship, while creatinine mediated 10.8%.

The WQS model highlighted long-chain omega-3 fats (24.0%) as the most influential dietary component in improving cancer prognosis, followed by whole grains (21.8%), sodium (16.6%), and sugary drinks (11.4%). Higher fruit and vegetable intake also contributed to improved outcomes.

Conclusion/Discussion: A higher AHEI score is strongly linked to better cancer prognosis, largely mediated by albumin levels. This highlights the importance of nutrition in cancer care and suggests that dietary interventions can improve survival outcomes. Future efforts should focus on educating patients and integrating tailored dietary guidelines into cancer treatment protocols.